Left-wing positions (from the 1890s)

Rosa Luxemburg also distinguished herself as a critic of Bernstein. Her stance during the 1900s, and not least in the wake of the mass strike debate, gained increasing political independence, including with regard to the “orthodox centre”.

In fact, a substantial leftward turn took place, which, until 1918, also included the Spartacus Group and the International Communists of Germany. Their positions also encompassed a decisive rejection of imperialist (world) war.